What is the hollow glass used in doors and windows?

2022-09-08


  Today, insulated glass remains a crucial component of home doors and windows. Insulated glass is made by combining two (or three) panes of glass, with high-strength, highly airtight composite adhesives bonding the glass sheets to an aluminum alloy frame that contains a desiccant inside—resulting in an energy-efficient glass product designed for superior soundproofing and thermal insulation.
  1. The hollow glass in doors and windows offers excellent thermal insulation performance.
  The sealed air layer in insulated glass has a much lower thermal conductivity than conventional glass, making insulated glass twice as effective at insulating compared to single-pane glass. In summer, insulated glass can block up to 70% of solar radiation, preventing indoor temperatures from rising too quickly and reducing air-conditioning energy consumption. Meanwhile, in winter, it effectively prevents heat from escaping, cutting heat loss by 40%.
  II. The safety protection performance of hollow glass in doors and windows is excellent.
  Glass products undergo tempering at a constant temperature of 695°C, ensuring uniform heating across the glass surface. They can withstand temperature differences three times greater than ordinary glass, and their impact resistance is five times higher. When broken, hollow tempered glass fragments into small, rounded (blunt-edged) particles, reducing the risk of injury—thus providing enhanced safety for doors and windows.
  II. Inert Gases in Insulated Glass Units
  The hollow layer can be filled with the inert gas—argon. Dry inert gases have low thermal conductivity, and when argon is filled inside, the thermal insulation performance of the insulated glass significantly surpasses that of ordinary windows and doors.

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Tempered glass is produced by first cutting ordinary annealed glass into the desired dimensions, then heating it to around 700°C—close to its softening point—and subsequently cooling it rapidly and uniformly. (Typically, 5–6 mm-thick glass is heated at 700°C for about 240 seconds, followed by a cooling period of roughly 150 seconds. For 8–10 mm-thick glass, the heating process lasts approximately 500 seconds at 700°C, with a cooling phase of about 300 seconds. In general, the heating and cooling times vary depending on the glass thickness.) After tempering, a uniform compressive stress forms on the glass surface, while tensile stress develops internally, significantly enhancing the glass's resistance to bending and impact. As a result, tempered glass boasts a strength that is more than four times greater than that of ordinary annealed glass. However, once glass has been fully tempered, it can no longer undergo any further processing, such as cutting or grinding, nor can it sustain damage. Otherwise, disrupting the balanced compressive stress could cause the glass to shatter completely into tiny fragments.
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